Blood Pressure Module 1 Description

BLOOD PRESSURE AND PULSE RATE MODULE 1

EXPLORATION OF FIVE SCIENTIFIC HYPOTHESES THROUGH PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

ESTIMATED TIME TO COMPLETE: 2 hours

MODULE OBJECTIVES:

Form and test hypotheses about the effects of physical activity, cold stimulus, and caffeine on blood pressure and pulse rate.
Explain the mathematical relationship between blood pressure and pulse rate fluctuation with variables such as cardiac output, stroke volume, and peripheral resistance.
Construct concept maps to represent relationships and design an appropriate exercise regimen for someone with high blood pressure.

CONCEPTS LEARNED IN THIS MODULE:

Use of the scientific method to test hypotheses.
Use of mathematics and graphical analysis to model relationships among variables.

STANDARDS ADDRESSED BY UNIT MODULES:
Maryland State Department of Education School Performance Program
High School Science Core Learning Goals (see MDK-12 site)

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number

Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement

1.2.1

The student will identify meaningful, answerable scientific questions.

1.2.2

The student will pose meaningful, answerable scientific questions.

1.2.3

The student will formulate a working hypothesis.

1.2.4

The student will test a working hypothesis.

1.2.5

The student will select appropriate instruments and materials to conduct an investigation.

1.2.6

The student will identify appropriate methods for conducting an investigation and affirm the need for proper controls in an experiment.

1.2.7

The student will use relationships discovered in the lab to explain phenomena observed outside the laboratory.

1.2.8

The student will defend the need for verifiable data.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number

Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement

1.3.1

The student will develop and demonstrate skills in using lab and field equipment to perform investigative techniques.

1.3.2

The student will recognize safe laboratory procedures.

1.3.3

The student will demonstrate safe handling of the chemicals and materials of science.

1.3.4

The student will learn the use of new instruments and equipment by following instructions in a manual or from oral directions.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number

Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement

1.4.1

The student will organize data appropriately using techniques such as tables, graphs, and webs.

1.4.2

The student will analyze data to make predictions, decisions, or draw conclusions.

1.4.3

The student will use experimental data from various investigators to validate results.

1.4.4

The student will determine the relationship between quantities and develop the mathematical model that describes these relationships.

1.4.5

The student will check graphs to determine that they do not misrepresent results.

1.4.6

The student will describe trends revealed by data.

1.4.7

The student will determine the sources of error that limits the accuracy or precision of experimental results.

1.4.8

The student will use models and computer simulations to extend his/her understanding of scientific concepts.

1.4.9

The student will use analyzed data to confirm, modify, or reject an hypothesis.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number

Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement

1.5.1

The student will demonstrate the ability to summarize data.

1.5.2

The student will explain scientific concepts and processes through drawing, writing, and/or oral communication.

1.5.3

The student will use computers and /or graphing calculators to produce the visual materials that will be used for communicating results.

1.5.4

The student will create and interpret graphics.

1.5.5

The student will use computers and/or graphing calculators to produce tables, graphs, and spreadsheet calculations.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number

Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement

1.6.1

The student will use ratios and proportion in appropriate situations to solve problems.

1.6.2

The student will computers and/or graphing calculators to perform calculations for tables, graphs, or spreadsheets.

1.6.4

The student will manipulate quantities and/or numerical values in algebraic equations.

1.6.5

The student will judge the reasonableness of an answer.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number

Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement

1.7.4

The student will recognize mathematics as an integral part of the scientific process.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number

Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement

3.2.1

The student will explain the function of structures found in multicellular organisms.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number

Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement

5.1.1

The student will use analytical techniques appropriate to the study of physics. For example, selecting appropriate equipment for measuring and investigating, using appropriate units, applying dimensional analysis, and manipulating equations.

TECHNOLOGY - ENHANCED INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES UTILIZED IN THIS MODULE:

Information Collection and Analysis (Information Exchanges) with other teachers and students to determine the variance of data collected and information retrieved from implementation of activities.
Problem Solving (Social Action Projects) to design safe physical activities for persons with high blood pressure.

Module Overview
Click on Component hot links to download pdf files of student handouts and teacher information.
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Component	Brief Description of Module Activities	Student Grouping	Materials/Technology
Engagement	Demonstration: Select two students. Record their blood pressure and pulse rate. The first student will hold his arms directly above his head. The second student will hold two books above his head, one book on each hand. Select two other students to act as recorders to determine how long the students can remain in position. Immediately after the experiment, record the students’ blood pressure and pulse rate. Discussion: What has occurred? Why does it occur? What factors were involved?	Whole Class	Sphygmomanometer, Stop Watch, Books
Exploration	Controlled experiments to test hypotheses	Small Groups	Sphymomanometer, Graphing Calculator, Step Stool, Stop Watch
Explanation	Data Analysis and math modeling to augment ideas	Small Groups	Graphing Calculator, Graphical Analysis Software
Elaboration/Extension	Design of concept maps to represent relationships amongst factors influencing experimental observation and to clarify new information	Small Groups	Information generated from experiment and observation. Inspiration or Picomap software.
Evaluation	Design an appropriate exercise regimen for a person with high blood pressure.	Small Groups	Information generated from specifics about the beneficiary of the exercise regimen

EXPECTED MODULE OUTCOMES: The students will understand the effects of certain physical activities on blood pressure and pulse rate. They will be able to determine the mathematical relationships that exist among blood pressure, resistance, cardiac output and stroke volume.

PERFORMANCE BASED ASSESSMENT OF MODULE OUTCOMES: Students will collect data and use the data to determine the rate of change of blood pressure as numerous variables are manipulated.They will design an exercise regimen for someone with high blood pressure.

Unit Flow Chart
Unit Description
Module 1 2

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number	Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement
1.2.1	The student will identify meaningful, answerable scientific questions.
1.2.2	The student will pose meaningful, answerable scientific questions.
1.2.3	The student will formulate a working hypothesis.
1.2.4	The student will test a working hypothesis.
1.2.5	The student will select appropriate instruments and materials to conduct an investigation.
1.2.6	The student will identify appropriate methods for conducting an investigation and affirm the need for proper controls in an experiment.
1.2.7	The student will use relationships discovered in the lab to explain phenomena observed outside the laboratory.
1.2.8	The student will defend the need for verifiable data.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number	Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement
1.3.1	The student will develop and demonstrate skills in using lab and field equipment to perform investigative techniques.
1.3.2	The student will recognize safe laboratory procedures.
1.3.3	The student will demonstrate safe handling of the chemicals and materials of science.
1.3.4	The student will learn the use of new instruments and equipment by following instructions in a manual or from oral directions.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number	Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement
1.4.1	The student will organize data appropriately using techniques such as tables, graphs, and webs.
1.4.2	The student will analyze data to make predictions, decisions, or draw conclusions.
1.4.3	The student will use experimental data from various investigators to validate results.
1.4.4	The student will determine the relationship between quantities and develop the mathematical model that describes these relationships.
1.4.5	The student will check graphs to determine that they do not misrepresent results.
1.4.6	The student will describe trends revealed by data.
1.4.7	The student will determine the sources of error that limits the accuracy or precision of experimental results.
1.4.8	The student will use models and computer simulations to extend his/her understanding of scientific concepts.
1.4.9	The student will use analyzed data to confirm, modify, or reject an hypothesis.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number	Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement
1.5.1	The student will demonstrate the ability to summarize data.
1.5.2	The student will explain scientific concepts and processes through drawing, writing, and/or oral communication.
1.5.3	The student will use computers and /or graphing calculators to produce the visual materials that will be used for communicating results.
1.5.4	The student will create and interpret graphics.
1.5.5	The student will use computers and/or graphing calculators to produce tables, graphs, and spreadsheet calculations.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number	Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement
1.6.1	The student will use ratios and proportion in appropriate situations to solve problems.
1.6.2	The student will computers and/or graphing calculators to perform calculations for tables, graphs, or spreadsheets.
1.6.4	The student will manipulate quantities and/or numerical values in algebraic equations.
1.6.5	The student will judge the reasonableness of an answer.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number	Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement
1.7.4	The student will recognize mathematics as an integral part of the scientific process.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number	Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement
3.2.1	The student will explain the function of structures found in multicellular organisms.

Goal/Exp./Ind. Number	Goal/Expectation/Indicator Statement
5.1.1	The student will use analytical techniques appropriate to the study of physics. For example, selecting appropriate equipment for measuring and investigating, using appropriate units, applying dimensional analysis, and manipulating equations.